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서브비주얼

Advanced Battery Materials Lab.

Prof. Cheol-Min Park and colleagues at ABML (Advanced Battery Materials Lab. in KIT) in Korea are attempting to meet the ever increasing demands for better batteries.

Research Area

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  • Research Area

Sodium (Na)-ion battery

  • Na-ion battery

    Sodium-ion battery is a type of rechargeable battery that uses sodium-ions as its charge carriers. The sodium ions move from a disordered carbon (NaxC) structure to a Na1-xNi0.5Mn0.5O2 structure during discharge and the reverse process occurs during charge. This type of battery is in a developmental phase, but may prove to be a cheaper way to store energy than commonly used lithium-ion batteries. Sodium-ion batteries have been gaining increasing attention thanks to the natural abundance and low toxicity of sodium resources. Furthermore, sodium is located just below lithium in the periodic table. Therefore, similar chemical approaches including a synthetic strategy, intercalation/alloying/conversion chemistry, and characterization methods utilized in electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries could be applied to develop electrode materials for sodium-ion batteries.

    Na-ion battery 이미지
  • Characteristics
    Higher availability of Na
    • The 4th most abundant element in the earth crust
    • Inexpensive
    • For large scale battery applications
    Lower performance than Li-ion battery
    • Higher redox potential (-2.71 V vs. SHE) of Na/Na+
    • Larger size (1.02 Å) of Na+ compared to Li+ (0.76 Å)
    Operating temperature
    • Na-ion battery operates at ambient temperature
    • Na/S, Na/NiCl2 systems operate at elevated temperatures (300-350 °C)
  • Electrode materials for Na-ion batteries
    Characterization of representative anodes
    Characterization of representative anodes
    Na metal Graphite Disordered
    carbon
    Na-alloy Na2Ti3O7
    Capacity 1166 mAh g-1 Not intercalate ~250 mAh g-1 >500 mAh g-1 178 mAh g-1
    Potential Low - Low low low
    Safety Very poor - Good Poor Good
    Characterization of representative cathodes
    Characterization of representative anodes
    NaCoO2 NaVPO4F NaFePO4 Na0.4MnO2 NaNi0.5Mn0.5O2
    Crystalline system Layered Layered Olivine Layered Layered
    Specific capacity ca. 148 mAh g-1 ca. 120 mAh g-1 ca. 150 mAh g-1 ca. 140 mAh g-1 ca. 185 mAh g-1
    Voltage
    (V, Na/Na+)
    3.6 V 3.5 V 2.8 V 2.0 ~ 3.8 V 2.5 ~ 4.5 V